Method for managing queryable datastore persistent objects and queryable datastore collections in an object-oriented environment

ABSTRACT

A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for managing datastore persistent objects and datastore collections in an object-oriented environment. A computerized system in accordance with the principles of the present invention creates datastore persistent objects that encapsulate logical units of data retrieved an external non-object-oriented datastore, creates schema mappers associated with the datastore persistent objects that translate common elements between the data retrieved from the datastore and the datastore persistent objects, creates datastore collections for organizing the datastore persistent objects, and tracks the datastore collections, schema mappers and datastore persistent objects using an instance manager.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is related to the following copending andcommonly-assigned patent applications:

Application Ser. No. 08/736,762, entitled "A FRAMEWORK FOROBJECT-ORIENTED ACCESS TO NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES," filed on samedate herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/736,763, entitled "A METHOD FOR REPRESENTINGNON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES USING A COLLECTION OF COLLECTIONS DATAMODEL," filed on same date herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and Jack L.Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/738,294, entitled "A METHOD FOR THE INCREMENTALPRESENTATION OF NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES USING AN OBJECT-ORIENTEDQUERYABLE DATASTORE COLLECTION," filed on same date herewith, by KennethR. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/738,104, entitled "A QUERY SYNTAX FOR ACCESSINGNON-RELATIONAL, NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES," filed on same dateherewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/738,082, entitled "A QUERY PARSER FOR ACCESSINGNON-RELATIONAL, NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES," filed on same dateherewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/738,330, entitled "A METHOD FOR USING ADATASTORE CURSOR FOR THE INCREMENTAL PRESENTATION OF QUERY RESULTS WHENTRAVERSING IMPLIED COLLECTIONS IN NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES," filedon same date herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/736,759, entitled "A METHOD FOR REPRESENTINGDATA FROM NON-RELATIONAL, NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES AS QUERYABLEDATASTORE PERSISTENT OBJECTS," filed on same date herewith, by KennethR. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/,736,764, entitled "A METHOD FOR ENCAPSULATINGDATA FROM NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES AS DATASTORE PERSISTENTOBJECTS," filed on same date herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and JackL. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/738,103, entitled "A METHOD FOR USING QUERYABLEPERSISTENT IDENTIFIERS TO LOCATE DATA FOR DATASTORE PERSISTENT OBJECTSIN NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES," filed on same date herewith, byKenneth R. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/736,983, entitled "A METHOD FOR INTERFACINGQUERYABLE DATASTORE PERSISTENT OBJECTS TO NON-RELATIONAL,NON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORES," filed on same date herewith, by KennethR. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/736,765, entitled "A METHOD FOR CATALOGINGDATASTORE CHARACTERISTICS AND DEFINING AND GENERATING DATASTOREPERSISTENT OBJECTS," filed on same date herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackmanand Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/738,102, entitled "A METHOD FOR CAPTURING ANDCATALOGING SPECIFICATIONS FOR DATASTORE PERSISTENT CLASSES," filed onsame date herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackman and Jack L. Howe III;

Application Ser. No. 08/736,761, entitled "A METHOD FOR CAPTURING ANDCATALOGING PROGRAM CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE USAGE OF DATASTORE PERSISTENTCLASSES," filed on same date herewith; by Kenneth R. Blackman and JackL. Howe III; and

Application Ser. No. 08/738,105, entitled "A METHOD FOR USING ANON-OBJECT-ORIENTED DATASTORE AS A GENERIC PERSISTENT DATASTORE FORPERSISTENT OBJECTS," filed on same date herewith, by Kenneth R. Blackmanand Jack L. Howe III;

all of which applications are incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to computerized methods foraccessing datastores, and in particular, to a computerizedobject-oriented method for accessing non-object-oriented datastores.

2. Description of Related Art

It is well known in the art to use database management systems, such asIBM's IMS™ (Information Management System) database management system,to manage computerized datastores. Indeed, IMS™ has been used fordecades and remains in use today. Currently, there is a need to accesssuch "legacy" datastores using application programs developed byobject-oriented programming systems (OOPS). However, there are few toolsavailable to assist OOPS programmers.

One method for allowing object-oriented application programs to accessdata in an IMS™ datastore is through transaction wrappering, implementedin such products such as IBM's VisualAge™ IMS Connection product.Transaction wrappering creates a class having methods that retrieve datafrom the IMS™ datastore, create an object embodying the retrieved data,and manipulate the object in an object-oriented application program. Theproblem with this approach is that each object-oriented applicationrequires substantial additional coding, both object-oriented andnon-object-oriented, before it is able to access the data in the IMS™datastore.

Another approach to accessing data in a non-relational,non-object-oriented datastore is to translate the non-relationaldatastore to a relational datastore, and use existing object-orientedprogramming techniques developed for relational datastores to access thedata therein. The problem with this approach is that non-relationaldata, such as the hierarchical data found in an IMS™ datastore, does notmap well to a relational datastore.

Thus, there is a need in the art for improved techniques for bridgingbetween non-object-oriented datastores and object-oriented applicationprograms.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To overcome the limitations in the prior art described above, and toovercome other limitations that will become apparent upon reading andunderstanding the present specification, the present invention disclosesa method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for managing datastorepersistent objects and datastore collections in an object-orientedenvironment. A computerized system in accordance with the principles ofthe present invention creates datastore persistent objects thatencapsulate logical units of data retrieved an externalnon-object-oriented datastore, creates schema mappers associated withthe datastore persistent objects that translate common elements betweenthe data retrieved from the datastore and the datastore persistentobjects, creates datastore collections for organizing the datastorepersistent objects, and tracks the datastore collections, schema mappersand datastore persistent objects using an instance manager. Thecomputerized system includes a system services object for managing aunit of work request and for coordinating the unit of work request withthe datastore.

Various advantages and features of novelty which characterize theinvention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexedhereto and form a part hereof. However, for a better understanding ofthe invention, its advantages, and the objects obtained by its use,reference should be made to the drawings which form a further parthereof, and to accompanying descriptive matter, in which there isillustrated and described specific examples of an apparatus inaccordance with the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numbers representcorresponding parts throughout:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary hardware environmentused to implement the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a collection of collections datamodel according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary datastore collectionof the bridge according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the bridgeaccording to the present invention; and

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the instancemanager of the bridge according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

In the following description of the preferred embodiment, reference ismade to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in whichis shown by way of illustration a specific embodiment in which theinvention may be practiced. It is to be understood that otherembodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of the present invention.

Overview

The present invention manages datastore persistent objects and datastorecollections in an object-oriented environment. A computerized system inaccordance with the principles of the present invention createsdatastore persistent objects that encapsulate logical units of dataretrieved an external non-object-oriented datastore, creates schemamappers associated with the datastore persistent objects that translatecommon elements between the data retrieved from the datastore and thedatastore persistent objects, creates datastore collections fororganizing the datastore persistent objects, and tracks the datastorecollections, schema mappers and datastore persistent objects using aninstance manager.

Hardware Environment

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary hardware environmentused to implement the preferred embodiment of the invention. Aworkstation or terminal 100 communicates with a server computer 102.Both the workstation 100 and the server computer 102 are typicallycomprised of one or more processors, random access memory (RAM),read-only memory (ROM), and other components such as data storagedevices and data communications devices.

The workstation 100 executes one or more computer programs 104 operatingunder the control of an operating system 106, such as the MVS™, VM™,AIX™, OS/2™, Windows™, Macintosh™, AS/400™, or UNIX™ operating systems.These computer programs 104 transmit commands to the server computer 102for performing various functions and receive data from the servercomputer 102 in response to the commands.

The server computer 102 also operates under the control of an operatingsystem 108, such as the MV™, VM™, AIX™, OS/2™, Windows™, Macintosh™,AS/400™, or UNIX™, operating systems. The server computer 102 executesone or more computer programs 110 and 112 under the control of theoperating system 108. These computer programs 110 and 112 receivecommands from the workstation 100 for performing various functions andtransmit data to the workstations 100 in response to the commands.

The server computer 102 manages one or more external databases ordatastores 114 stored on one or more data storage devices 116 (such as afixed or hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a CD-ROM drive, a tapedrive, or other device). In the preferred embodiment, the externaldatastore 114 comprises an IMS™ datastore managed by an IMS™ databasemanagement system (DBMS) product offered by IBM Corporation. Thoseskilled in the art will recognize, however, that the present inventionmay be applied to any datastore and associated database managementsystem.

The present invention is generally implemented using five majorcomponents executed by the workstation 100 and the server computer 102,i.e., object-oriented application program 104, workstation operatingsystem 106, server operating system 108, bridge 110, and datastoremanager (DSM) 112, wherein each of these components comprise one or morecomputer programs. The object-oriented application program 104 performsapplication functions; the workstation operating system 106 controls theoperation of the workstation 100; the server operating system 108controls the operation of the server computer 102; the bridge 110materializes data retrieved from the external database 114 as objects;and the datastore manager 112 controls access to the external database114.

Generally, these computer programs 104-112 are all tangibly embodied inor retrievable from a computer-readable medium, e.g., a data storagedevice or a data communications device. Moreover, the computer programsare all comprised of instructions which, when read and executed by theworkstation 100 and/or server computer 102, causes the workstation 100and/or server computer 102 to perform the steps necessary to implementand/or use the present invention.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that any combination of theabove components, or any number of different components, includingcomputer programs, peripherals, and other devices, may be used toimplement the present invention, so long as similar functions areperformed thereby.

Datastore Model

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the collection of collectionsdata model used in the present invention. Data retrieved from thenon-object-oriented external datastore 114 is modeled as a "collectionof object collections" in the bridge 110. Where the external data has asimple structure, each record is encapsulated as an object, whichbecomes a member of an object collection. Where the records arehierarchical in structure, that hierarchical structure is modeled bycreating object collections and then hierarchically connecting therelated object collections. Other complex logical records can be modeledas a hierarchy of object collections. A single collection of collectionsis materialized for each datastore, e.g., the object model of two flatfiles is a model having two collections of collections.

Block 200 represents the logical hierarchical structure of the data asstored in the external datastore 114, and block 202 represents thelogical "collection of object collections" structure created from thedata retrieved from the external datastore 114. The bridge 110translates the data between the differing formats and structures inblocks 200 and 202.

In the logical hierarchical structure of block 200, parent record A(204) has children records B (206) and C (208), and child record C (208)is also a parent of children records D (210) and E (212). There may alsobe multiple instances of parent record A (214 and 216).

Similarly, in the logical "collection of object collections" structureof block 202, parent object A (218) has children objects B (220) and C(222), and child object C (222) is also a parent of children objects D(224) and E (226). Further, there are multiple instances of parentobject A (228 and 230). Each of these objects is a datastore persistentobject (DPO) that encapsulates a logical unit of data, i.e., record,retrieved from the non-object-oriented datastore, and includes memberfunctions for manipulating the encapsulated data. Thus, the differencebetween blocks 200 and 202 is that each record A, B, or C in block 200is represented by a DPO in block 202, and the hierarchy in block 200 isrepresented by the collections of object collections in block 202.

Datastore Collection

The bridge 110 manages "datastore collections", which are the foundationof the "collections of object collections" data model. The members ofthe datastore collection are the DPOs. The datastore collection alsoincludes a query evaluator having a query syntax and a query parser, aqueryable datastore cursor, and an associated result collection with acursor. For complex queries, queries may be sub-divided. Results for thequeries are presented in user-specifiable increments, which permits thedelivery of large result collections while controlling use of memory.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary datastore collection300 of the bridge 110 according to the present invention. The datastorecollection 300 includes a query evaluator 302 for receiving a query fromthe application program 104, wherein the query evaluator 302 comprises aquery syntax and a query parser. The query evaluator 302 parses thequery request in accordance with the query syntax and stores the parsedrequest in a parse table in a query object 304. A datastore cursor 306retrieves the parsed query from the query object 304 and provides theparsed query to an instance manager 308, which coordinates requests fromthe application program 104 with the datastore collection 300 and theexternal datastore 114. The instance manager 308 uses a schema mapper310 to interface with the datastore manager 112. The datastore manager112 retrieves data from the external datastore 114 on the externalstorage device 116 and returns the requested data to the schema mapper310. The schema mapper 310 translates common elements between therequested data retrieved from the external datastore 114 and a DPO 312,which results in the requested data being encapsulated in the DPO 312.The schema mapper 310 returns the DPO 312 through the instance manager308 to the datastore cursor 306 which stores the DPO 312 in the resultcollection 314. Generally, the result collection 314 comprises one ormore DPOs 316, 318, and 320.

The datastore cursor 306 populates the result collection 314 so that theapplication program 104 can incrementally access the query result.Because the number of data items or records requested by the query maybe large, the datastore cursor 306 only populates the result collection314 with a specified number of DPOs 316, 318, and 320 that correspond tothe query request. A pointer to the current DPOs 316, 318, or 320 ismaintained by the cursor 322, and the size of the result collection 314is determined by a size variable 324.

If the application program 104 needs to access more data items orrecords that satisfy the query, the datastore cursor 306 deletes one ormore of the DPOs 316, 318, and 320 from the result collection 314 andrequests the instance manager 308, through the schema mapper 310, toretrieve additional DPOs 312, up to the number indicated in the sizevariable 324, into the result collection 314.

In addition to populating a DPO 312 with data from the externaldatastore 114, the schema mapper 310 updates the external datastore 114with changed data from the DPO 312. The schema mapper 310 may add datato the external datastore 114 when a new DPO 312 is created, and theschema mapper 310 may delete corresponding data from the externaldatastore 114 when a existing DPO 312 is deleted.

The schema mapper 310 translates queries to specific instructions forthe datastore manager 112. Generally, these instructions comprise:SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT and DELETE, wherein the SELECT instructionretrieves data from the external datastore 114 via the datastore manager112 for a DPO 312; the UPDATE instruction, following a SELECT, saveschanged data from the DPO 312 into the external datastore 114 via thedatastore manager 112; the INSERT instruction saves new data from theDPO 312 into the external datastore 114 via the datastore manager 112;and the DELETE instruction deletes the DPO 312 and its correspondingdata from the external datastore 114 via the datastore manager 112.

Datastore Persistent Objects (DPOs)

The members, or elements, of the datastore collection 300 are queryableDPOs 316, 318, and 320 that encapsulate external data, i.e., recordsretrieved from the external datastore 114, with associated methods tomove data with data type integrity between the DPOs 316, 318, and 320,and the records of the external datastore 114. Thus, a DPO 316, 318, and320 makes non-object-oriented data accessible as "base class objects"that may be used or wrappered by other classes in an object-orientedprogramming system. Further, the data being encapsulated by the DPO 316,318, and 320 may or may not be concurrently shared or updated betweenobject-oriented and non-object-oriented applications, depending on thecharacteristics of the underlying datastore 114.

The bridge 110 thus comprises a queryable persistence implementationthat can be used to access data in non-object-oriented datastores 114.The bridge 110 provides a datastore persistent object class to wrapperdata retrieved from the external datastore 114, a queryable persistentidentifier (PID) used to specify information used to locate the data inthe external datastore 114 needed to populate the particular DPO 312,and a schema mapper class used to obtain the required data from theexternal datastore 114 and translate or transfer it into the format ofthe particular DPO 312.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the bridge 110according to the present invention. The application program 104 passes aquery request to the datastore collection 300. The datastore collection300 evaluates the query and passes control to the datastore cursor 306for processing. The datastore cursor 306 creates a DPO 312 and itsassociated PID 400. The PID 400 is used to specify the query informationneeded to locate the data in the external datastore 114.

The DPO 312 and PID 400 are passed to the instance manager 308 whorequests that the schema mapper 310 retrieve the data via the datastoremanager 112 for storing into the DPO 312. The schema mapper 310 looks atthe DPOs 312 accompanying PID 400 which has information from the queryobject 304 for locating data. The schema mapper 310 provides theinput/output commands to the datastore manager 112 using informationfrom a subschema mapper 402 and program specification block (PSB) 404.The schema mapper 310 receives the located logical unit of data from thedatastore manager 112 and maps the located data into the DPO 312,thereby "wrappering" the logical unit of data. Upon completion of theoperation, the DPO 312 then encapsulates the data retrieved by theschema mapper 310.

Instance Manager

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the instancemanager 308 according to the present invention.

The instance manager 308 tracks "instances" of other classes, i.e.,objects, as they are created, manages unit-of-work requests, andperforms memory management after the unit-of-work request is completed.In the run-time environment, the datastore collections 300, DPOs 316,318, and 320, and schema mappers 310 are managed (e.g., created,tracked, materialized, destroyed, and garbage collected) by the instancemanager 308. The instance manager 308 tracks datastore collections 300directly, tracks the schema mapper 310 directly, and tracks DPOs 312indirectly through the schema mapper 310. Schema mapper 310 is createdby the instance manager 308 as needed to support DPO 312.

The instance manager 308 uses service classes to isolate some of itsfunctions, system services object (SSO) 500, interface object services(IOS) 502, and subschema mapper 402. The SSO 500 serves as a "factory"for creating DPO 312 and datastore collections 300 requested by queryobjects 304.

The SSO 500 further serves as a transaction manager participating incoordinating a unit of work between the application program 104 and theexternal datastore 114.

To coordinate unit-of-work requests, the instance manager 308 handleseither ("prepare", "commit", "rollback") or ("precompletion","postcompletion") processing depending on the interface to the datastoremanager 112.

Prepare or precompletion processing sweeps all instances of DPOs anddetermines if they have been changed; if so, the changes are written tothe external datastore 114. Commit processing causes the changes to theexternal datastore 114 to be made permanent and removes the associatedDPOs, result collections 314, and schema mappers 310, because they areno longer needed. Rollback processing aborts the sequences of operationsperformed during the unit-of-work request, any changes made to theexternal datastore 114 are undone, and the DPOs, result collections 314,and schema mappers 310 are removed from memory, because they are nolonger needed. Postcompletion processing removes the DPOs, resultcollections 314, and schema mappers 310 because they are no longerneeded.

The SSO 500 receives a unit-of-work request from the application program104. The SSO 500 creates a SSM 402 and opens a PSD 404 for theunit-of-work request. The SSO 500 interfaces to the datastore manager112 through an interface object services class (IOS) 502. The IOS 502opens and closes the connection to the datastore manager 112.

The SSO 500 generates a sequence of commands to the IOS 502 to controlits interface to the datastore manager 112. These commands fall into twocategories: OPEN and CLOSE, wherein: the OPEN command connects the SSO500 to the datastore manager 112, and the CLOSE command disconnects theSSO 500.

Although the interface to the application program 104 remains constant,the level of service provided by the instance manager 308 will varyaccording to the characteristics of the external datastore 114. Theinstance manager 308 will exploit the capabilities of the externaldatastore 114 and the datastore manager 112 wherever possible, e.g.,with regard to query functions, concurrency, security, etc.

Conclusion

This concludes the description of the preferred embodiment of theinvention. The following paragraphs describe some alternative methods ofaccomplishing the same objects.

In alternative embodiments of the present invention, other types andconfigurations of computers could be used. For example, the inventionneed not be restricted to client-server configurations. In addition,mainframes, minicomputers, or personal computers, could be used with thepresent invention.

In alternative embodiments of the present invention, other types andconfigurations of computer programs could be used. For example, theinvention need not be restricted to client-server configurations.

In alternative embodiments of the present invention, other databasemanagement systems could be used. For example, the invention need not berestricted to IMS™ database management systems. In addition, the presentinvention could be used to model other types of information.

In summary, the present invention discloses a method, apparatus, andarticle of manufacture for managing datastore persistent objects anddatastore collections in an object-oriented environment. A computerizedsystem in accordance with the principles of the present inventioncreates datastore persistent objects that encapsulate logical units ofdata retrieved an external non-object-oriented datastore, creates schemamappers associated with the datastore persistent objects that translatecommon elements between the data retrieved from the datastore and thedatastore persistent objects, creates datastore collections fororganizing the datastore persistent objects, and tracks the datastorecollections, schema mappers and datastore persistent objects using aninstance manager.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the inventionhas been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Itis not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to theprecise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possiblein light of the above teaching. It is intended that the scope of theinvention be limited not by this detailed description, but rather by theclaims appended hereto.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computerized method for managing datastorepersistent objects and datastore collections in an object-orientedenvironment, comprising the steps of:creating one or more datastorepersistent objects in a memory of a computer, wherein the datastorepersistent objects encapsulate logical units of data retrieved from anexternal non-object-oriented datastore stored on a data storage devicecoupled to the computer; creating one or more schema mappers associatedwith the datastore persistent objects in the memory of the computer,wherein the schema mappers translate common elements between the logicalunits of data retrieved from the external non-object-oriented datastoreand the datastore persistent objects; creating one or more datastorecollections in the memory of the computer for organizing the datastorepersistent objects; and tracking the datastore collections, schemamappers and datastore persistent objects in the memory of the computerusing an instance manager.
 2. The method of claim 1, further comprisingthe step of creating a system services object in the memory of thecomputer for managing a unit of work request.
 3. The method of claim 2,wherein the system service object participates in coordinating the unitof work request with the external non-object-oriented datastore.
 4. Themethod of claim 2, wherein the unit of work request comprises a sequenceof coordinated operations affecting the data collections, schema mappersand datastore persistent objects.
 5. The method of claim 2, wherein theunit of work request is coordinated by requests selected from a groupcomprising prepare, commit, rollback, precompletion, and postcompletion.6. The method of claim 1, wherein the instance manager controls adatastore manager for the external non-object-oriented datastore byissuing one or more commands selected from a group comprising an opencommand and a close command.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein theschema mapper translates queries to specific instructions for adatastore manager for the external non-object-oriented datastore,wherein the instructions are selected from a group comprising a selectinstruction, an insert instruction, an update instruction, and a deleteinstruction.
 8. A computerized apparatus for managing datastorepersistent objects and datastore collections in an object-orientedenvironment, comprising:an external non-object-oriented datastore storedon a data storage device attached to a computer; means, performed by thecomputer, for creating one or more datastore persistent objects in amemory of the computer, wherein the datastore persistent objectsencapsulate logical units of data retrieved from the externalnon-object-oriented datastore; means, performed by the computer, forcreating one or more schema mappers associated with the datastorepersistent objects in the memory of the computer, wherein the schemamappers translate common elements between the logical units of dataretrieved from the external non-object-oriented datastore and thedatastore persistent objects; means, performed by the computer, forcreating one or more datastore collections in the memory of the computerfor organizing the datastore persistent objects; and means, performed bythe computer, for tracking the datastore collections, schema mappers anddatastore persistent objects in the memory of the computer using aninstance manager.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising meansfor creating a system services object in the memory of the computer formanaging a unit of work request.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, whereinthe system service object participates in coordinating the unit of workrequest with the external non-object-oriented datastore.
 11. Theapparatus of claim 9, wherein the unit of work request comprises asequence of coordinated operations affecting the data collections,schema mappers and datastore persistent objects.
 12. The apparatus ofclaim 9, wherein the unit of work request is coordinated by requestsselected from a group comprising prepare, commit, rollback,precompletion, and postcompletion.
 13. The apparatus of claim 8, whereinthe instance manager comprises means for controlling a datastore managerfor the external non-object-oriented datastore by issuing one or morecommands selected from a group comprising an open command and a closecommand.
 14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the schema mappercomprises means for translating queries to specific instructions for adatastore manager for the external non-object-oriented datastore,wherein the instructions are selected from a group comprising a selectinstruction, an insert instruction, an update instruction, and a deleteinstruction.
 15. A program storage medium readable by a computer havinga memory, the medium tangibly embodying one or more programs ofinstructions executable by the computer to perform method steps formanaging datastore persistent objects and datastore collections in anobject-oriented environment, the method comprising the steps of:creatingone or more datastore persistent objects in a memory of the computer,wherein the datastore persistent objects encapsulate logical units ofdata retrieved from an external non-object-oriented datastore stored ona data storage device coupled to the computer; creating one or moreschema mappers associated with the datastore persistent objects in thememory of the computer, wherein the schema mappers translate commonelements between the logical units of data retrieved from the externalnon-object-oriented datastore and the datastore persistent objects;creating one or more datastore collections in the memory of the computerfor organizing the datastore persistent objects; and tracking thedatastore collections, schema mappers and datastore persistent objectsin the memory of the computer using an instance manager.
 16. The methodof claim 15, further comprising the step of creating a system servicesobject in the memory of the computer for managing a unit of workrequest.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the system service objectparticipates in coordinating the unit of work request with the externalnon-object-oriented datastore.
 18. The method of claim 16, wherein theunit of work request comprises a sequence of coordinated operationsaffecting the data collections, schema mappers and datastore persistentobjects.
 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the unit of work request iscoordinated by a requests selected from a group comprising a prepare,commit, rollback, precompletion, and postcompletion.
 20. The method ofclaim 15, wherein the instance manager controls a datastore manager forthe external non-object-oriented datastore by issuing one or morecommands selected from a group comprising an open command and a closecommand.
 21. The method of claim 15, wherein the schema mappertranslates queries to specific instructions for a datastore manager forthe external non-object-oriented datastore, wherein the instructions areselected from a group comprising a select instruction, an insertinstruction, an update instruction, and a delete instruction.